Difference between revisions of "MemEOL"
From Desal Wiki
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</div> | </div> | ||
<div class="recommendation eaf alert alert-success" role="alert" alt="Energy recovery through use as a coke substitute in Electric Arc Furnaces." style="display: none;"><h4>Energy recovery through use as a coke substitute in Electric Arc Furnaces</h4></div> | <div class="recommendation eaf alert alert-success" role="alert" alt="Energy recovery through use as a coke substitute in Electric Arc Furnaces." style="display: none;"><h4>Energy recovery through use as a coke substitute in Electric Arc Furnaces</h4></div> | ||
| + | <div class="recommendation eaf" style="display: none;"> | ||
| + | <table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive"> | ||
| + | <tbody><tr> | ||
| + | <td>Compatible with plastic components</td> | ||
| + | <td>Yes</td> | ||
| + | </tr><tr> | ||
| + | <td>Compatible with fibreglass components</td> | ||
| + | <td>No</td> | ||
| + | </tr><tr> | ||
| + | <td>Available in Australia</td> | ||
| + | <td>Emerging</td> | ||
| + | </tr><tr> | ||
| + | <td>Available globally</td> | ||
| + | <td>Emerging</td> | ||
| + | </tr><tr> | ||
| + | <td>Manual disassembly required</td> | ||
| + | <td>Yes</td> | ||
| + | </tr></tbody> | ||
| + | </table> | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | <div class="recommendation eaf" style="display: none;"> | ||
| + | </body></html> | ||
| + | The use of polymeric membrane components as a substitute carbon source in electric arc furnace steel making process is a new end-of-life approach with many financial and environmental benefits, specifically in terms of diverting waste from landfill<ref name="lawler-2014-C" />. The use of waste plastic and rubber as a substitute for metallurgical coke has been extensively tested in recent years and has also seen commercial use<ref name="sahajwalla" />. This method has been specifically tested with membrane components and the results show that 64% by weight of membrane modules are compatible, including the membrane sheets, as well as the feed and permeate spacers<ref name="lawler-2014-D" />. | ||
| + | |||
| + | A partial waste polymeric material substitute actually improves the process though increased energy retainment and promotion of the foamy slag, which help protects the electrodes and walls of the furnace. There are however strict requirements for feed quality for this process and any type of contamination can lead to a negative impact on steel quality. Therefore, after the membrane components have been grown to the required size, the material needs to be thoroughly washed to remove any contamination from membrane use. This end-of-life option is most suitable for membrane users with a large number of membranes, or when constant replacement is required. | ||
| + | |||
| + | While a number of electric arc furnace plants around the world are now using this technology, there is no streamlined recycling program for additional waste streams. Therefore, membrane users with a large number of membranes should contact companies willing to participate. Companies in Australia that are currently using this technique include Bluescope Steel. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===References=== | ||
| + | <references> | ||
| + | <ref name="lawler-2014-C">Lawler, W.; Alvarez-Gaitan, J.; Leslie, G.; Le-Clech, P. Desalination (2014), 357, 45-54.</ref> | ||
| + | <ref name="sahajwalla">Sahajwalla, V.; Zaharia, M.; Kongkarat, S.; Khanna, R.; Rahman, M.; Saha-Chaudhury, N.; O’Kane, P.; Dicker, J.; Skidmore, C.; Knights, D. Energy & Fuels (2012), 26, 58-66.</ref> | ||
| + | <ref name="lawler-2014-D">Lawler, W.; Alvarez-Gaitan, J.; Leslie, G.; Le-Clech, P. "Assessment of End-of-Life Opportunities for Reverse Osmosis Membranes." The University of New South Wales (2015).</ref> | ||
| + | </references> | ||
| + | <html><head></head><body> | ||
| + | </div> | ||
<div class="recommendation material_recycling alert alert-success" role="alert" alt="Material recycling." style="display: none;"><h4>Material recycling</h4></div> | <div class="recommendation material_recycling alert alert-success" role="alert" alt="Material recycling." style="display: none;"><h4>Material recycling</h4></div> | ||
<div class="recommendation conversion_to_uf alert alert-success" role="alert" alt="Chemical conversion to an ultrafiltration membrane and then reuse." style="display: none;"><h4>Chemical conversion to an ultrafiltration membrane and then reuse</h4></div> | <div class="recommendation conversion_to_uf alert alert-success" role="alert" alt="Chemical conversion to an ultrafiltration membrane and then reuse." style="display: none;"><h4>Chemical conversion to an ultrafiltration membrane and then reuse</h4></div> | ||
| Line 777: | Line 813: | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
<div class="alternative eaf alert alert-success" role="alert" alt="Energy recovery through use as a coke substitute in Electric Arc Furnaces." style="display: none;"><h4>Energy recovery through use as a coke substitute in Electric Arc Furnaces</h4></div> | <div class="alternative eaf alert alert-success" role="alert" alt="Energy recovery through use as a coke substitute in Electric Arc Furnaces." style="display: none;"><h4>Energy recovery through use as a coke substitute in Electric Arc Furnaces</h4></div> | ||
| + | <div class="alternative eaf" style="display: none;"> | ||
| + | <table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-responsive"> | ||
| + | <tbody><tr> | ||
| + | <td>Compatible with plastic components</td> | ||
| + | <td>Yes</td> | ||
| + | </tr><tr> | ||
| + | <td>Compatible with fibreglass components</td> | ||
| + | <td>No</td> | ||
| + | </tr><tr> | ||
| + | <td>Available in Australia</td> | ||
| + | <td>Emerging</td> | ||
| + | </tr><tr> | ||
| + | <td>Available globally</td> | ||
| + | <td>Emerging</td> | ||
| + | </tr><tr> | ||
| + | <td>Manual disassembly required</td> | ||
| + | <td>Yes</td> | ||
| + | </tr></tbody> | ||
| + | </table> | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | <div class="alternative eaf" style="display: none;"> | ||
| + | </body></html> | ||
| + | The use of polymeric membrane components as a substitute carbon source in electric arc furnace steel making process is a new end-of-life approach with many financial and environmental benefits, specifically in terms of diverting waste from landfill<ref name="lawler-2014-C" />. The use of waste plastic and rubber as a substitute for metallurgical coke has been extensively tested in recent years and has also seen commercial use<ref name="sahajwalla" />. This method has been specifically tested with membrane components and the results show that 64% by weight of membrane modules are compatible, including the membrane sheets, as well as the feed and permeate spacers<ref name="lawler-2014-D" />. | ||
| + | |||
| + | A partial waste polymeric material substitute actually improves the process though increased energy retainment and promotion of the foamy slag, which help protects the electrodes and walls of the furnace. There are however strict requirements for feed quality for this process and any type of contamination can lead to a negative impact on steel quality. Therefore, after the membrane components have been grown to the required size, the material needs to be thoroughly washed to remove any contamination from membrane use. This end-of-life option is most suitable for membrane users with a large number of membranes, or when constant replacement is required. | ||
| + | |||
| + | While a number of electric arc furnace plants around the world are now using this technology, there is no streamlined recycling program for additional waste streams. Therefore, membrane users with a large number of membranes should contact companies willing to participate. Companies in Australia that are currently using this technique include Bluescope Steel. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===References=== | ||
| + | <references> | ||
| + | <ref name="lawler-2014-C">Lawler, W.; Alvarez-Gaitan, J.; Leslie, G.; Le-Clech, P. Desalination (2014), 357, 45-54.</ref> | ||
| + | <ref name="sahajwalla">Sahajwalla, V.; Zaharia, M.; Kongkarat, S.; Khanna, R.; Rahman, M.; Saha-Chaudhury, N.; O’Kane, P.; Dicker, J.; Skidmore, C.; Knights, D. Energy & Fuels (2012), 26, 58-66.</ref> | ||
| + | <ref name="lawler-2014-D">Lawler, W.; Alvarez-Gaitan, J.; Leslie, G.; Le-Clech, P. "Assessment of End-of-Life Opportunities for Reverse Osmosis Membranes." The University of New South Wales (2015).</ref> | ||
| + | </references> | ||
| + | <html><head></head><body> | ||
| + | </div> | ||
<div class="alternative material_recycling alert alert-success" role="alert" alt="Material recycling." style="display: none;"><h4>Material recycling</h4></div> | <div class="alternative material_recycling alert alert-success" role="alert" alt="Material recycling." style="display: none;"><h4>Material recycling</h4></div> | ||
<div class="alternative conversion_to_uf alert alert-success" role="alert" alt="Chemical conversion to an ultrafiltration membrane and then reuse." style="display: none;"><h4>Chemical conversion to an ultrafiltration membrane and then reuse</h4></div> | <div class="alternative conversion_to_uf alert alert-success" role="alert" alt="Chemical conversion to an ultrafiltration membrane and then reuse." style="display: none;"><h4>Chemical conversion to an ultrafiltration membrane and then reuse</h4></div> | ||
Revision as of 04:56, 13 January 2015
This membrane end-of-life (MemEOL) tool is aimed at promoting better practices in the desalination industry by helping users identify and select the optimum end-of-life option for their used reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. This dynamic and interactive educational tool uses inputs on membrane condition and the relative importance of a number of key criteria to provide recommendation and further information about available end-of-life options.
As user feedback is obtained, and more available end-of-life options are identified and characterised, this tool will become a powerful source of information for membrane users. Ultimately, this tool will include a membrane reuse database, which will allow users to find and contact groups with surplus membrane supplies, thus promoting and simplifying direct membrane reuse. This tool has a significant focus on the Australian desalination industry, but the primary information is highly applicable to countries around the world. Additionally, as the data sources for this tool are not case specific, it should only be considered an educational tool aimed at providing preliminary recommendations to users.